Complete Guide to E-Type Gaskets
Guide to E-type gaskets: sizing, fitting, and replacement for window and door seals.
Key Takeaways
Guide to E-type gaskets: sizing, fitting, and replacement for window and door seals.
In This Guide
Complete Guide to E-Type Gaskets
E-type gaskets (also called E gaskets or E-type seals) are one of the most common forms of window rubber seal used in modern PVCu, aluminium and timber window and door systems across the UK. They play a vital role in keeping properties warm, weather-tight and secure, yet they are often overlooked until draughts, leaks or rattling sashes start to appear.
This guide from Window Hardware Store is designed for both professional installers and competent DIY users. It covers how E-profile gaskets work, where they are used, how to identify and measure them, and the best practice methods for cutting, fitting and maintaining them in UK windows and doors.
Throughout the guide you will find practical trade tips, notes on UK standards, and references to common hardware brands such as Yale, ERA, Mila and Avocet, to help you select and fit the correct E-type seal for your particular system.
For current product options, you can browse our dedicated E gasket product category or view specific profiles in our range of E-type gaskets.
E-profile characteristics
What is an E-type gasket?
An E-type gasket is a specific shape of window or door gasket that, when viewed in cross-section, resembles the letter “E”. The profile typically has:
This shape allows the gasket to provide a continuous seal around the entire opening, even where there are minor variations in frame tolerance, hinge adjustment or installation.
E gaskets are used as part of the weatherseal system, working alongside friction stays, hinges, multi-point locks (Yale, ERA, Mila, Avocet, etc.), and glazing beads to provide an effective barrier against air and water ingress.
Materials used in E-type seals
The performance of an E-type seal depends heavily on the material from which it is made. The most common materials used in UK windows and doors are:
EPDM is generally the preferred option for long-lasting window and door gaskets, as it offers:
TPE E gaskets are sometimes used where the manufacturer welds the gasket corners at the factory, or where recyclability is a key requirement. They can be softer and easier to fit, but may not always match EPDM for long-term resilience in highly exposed locations.
Typical hardness for E-type gaskets is in the range of 55–70 Shore A. Softer gaskets provide easier compression and better sealing on slightly misaligned sashes, while harder gaskets can provide improved durability in heavily used doors.
Dimensions and profile variations
Although “E gasket” is a common trade description, the actual shapes and dimensions vary considerably between systems and manufacturers. Key dimensional aspects include:
Small dimensional differences can have a large effect on performance. Using a gasket with too small a bulb can result in insufficient compression, leading to draughts and water leaks. Using one that is too large can make a sash difficult to close, place excess load on hinges and locks (e.g. on a Yale or ERA multi-point door lock), and may cause long-term deformation of the seal.
For this reason, professional installers always measure the old gasket and frame groove carefully before selecting a replacement from our E gasket range.
Performance functions
The primary functions of an E-type window or door gasket are:
In security-tested products (for example, PAS 24 doors and windows fitted with ERA or Avocet high-security locking systems), the gasket helps to prevent movement and rattling that could compromise the alignment of locking points or allow manipulation.
Relevant UK standards and regulations
While E-type gaskets themselves are seldom directly specified in UK Building Regulations, they are a vital element of the overall performance of a window or door assembly. Key standards and regulations that relate to the function of E gaskets include:
When selecting replacement E-type seals, it is good practice, especially for trade installers, to use gaskets that match or exceed the performance class originally intended by the system manufacturer. Our E-type gaskets are chosen to be compatible with common UK window and door systems, supporting compliance with relevant standards.
Colour and aesthetic considerations
The majority of E gaskets in the UK are black, as this provides the best UV resistance and tends to hide dirt and minor scuffs. However, in some aluminium or timber systems, grey or white gaskets may be used to match lighter frame colours.
When replacing an E-type seal it is important to match:
Applications
PVCu windows
E gaskets are extensively used in the PVCu window market across the UK, particularly in:
Typical locations for E-type seals in PVCu windows include:
When replacing an E gasket in a PVCu window, it is crucial to match the original profile. Many profile extruders (such as Liniar, Rehau, Eurocell and others) use proprietary gasket designs. Our E gasket range includes profiles compatible with numerous UK PVCu systems; trade users often keep sample offcuts to visually match the shape before ordering.
PVCu doors and French doors
Front doors, back doors, French doors and some sliding patio doors use E-type gaskets around the leaf and/or frame. The door gasket must:
E-profile door gaskets are often slightly larger or firmer than those used in windows, due to higher usage and greater door size. When replacing a door gasket, check for:
Correct gasket selection can significantly improve the feel of a door when closing and locking, as the compression interacts with the locking hooks/bolts and keeps. Over-thick E-type seals can cause difficulty engaging the final compression on a multi-point lock, particularly on older doors with worn hinges.
Aluminium windows and doors
Modern aluminium systems often use carefully engineered E-type and bubble gaskets in multiple planes to achieve very high weather and acoustic performance standards. These may be used:
In aluminium systems, tolerances are tighter and the gasket choice is critical. Many systems use co-extruded gaskets or specific designs that form part of a tested system, for example under BS 6375-1 testing. Where possible, use manufacturer-approved replacements, or carefully match the profile from our E-type gaskets range, ensuring:
Timber windows and doors
Traditional timber windows often relied on brush seals or simple draught strips. However, most modern timber casement and tilt-and-turn windows, as well as high-performance timber doors, now use compression gaskets similar to those found in PVCu and aluminium systems.
E-type seals in timber frames may be:
When replacing gaskets in timber frames, take extra care when removing old seals to avoid damaging the groove. Timber moves with humidity and seasons, so a slightly softer E gasket (lower Shore A hardness) can be beneficial to maintain a consistent seal throughout the year.
Composite and fire-rated doors
Many composite doors use E-type gaskets as the main door gasket, particularly around the perimeter of the door leaf. In some FD30 fire doorsets and smoke control doors, intumescent and smoke seals may also have an E-like profile.
Important considerations:
If in doubt, consult the doorset data sheet or speak to our technical team before selecting a replacement door gasket from our E gasket collection.
Retrofit and refurbishment applications
For both trade and DIY customers, replacing tired, flattened, or perished window rubber seals is one of the most cost-effective ways to:
In retrofits you will typically:
This process is particularly popular among landlords, facilities managers and homeowners looking to improve older PVCu windows without replacing the entire unit, especially where the hardware (Mila hinges, ERA espags, etc.) is still in good working order.
Measuring and cutting
Tools required
Whether you are a trade installer or a DIY user, having the right tools will make measuring and cutting E gaskets significantly easier and more accurate. Useful tools include:
For trade users, a small sample board or labelled bag system for storing offcuts of existing gaskets can be invaluable when identifying replacement profiles on future jobs.
Removing the old gasket
Before you can measure or replace an E-type seal, you need to remove a representative sample of the existing gasket.
Take at least 100–150 mm of gasket as a sample. If the gasket has shrunk over time (common in older EPDM seals), you may see gaps at the corners; in that case, choose a piece that still shows its original cross-sectional shape.
Measuring the gasket profile
Once you have a sample, use a vernier caliper or steel rule to measure:
Record these measurements to the nearest 0.5 mm. Where possible, compare the sample visually against product photos and technical drawings in our E gasket category.
Trade tip: lay the gasket sample on white paper and lightly press it flat with a piece of glass or clear plastic while measuring. This helps you see the profile shape more clearly, particularly if the original gasket has taken a set over time.
Measuring the frame groove (kerf)
The groove into which the E gasket fits is just as important as the gasket size itself. A poorly fitting base can cause:
With the old gasket removed (in at least one area), measure:
Typical groove widths for PVCu and aluminium systems are:
If your old gasket is missing or deteriorated beyond recognition, the groove measurement will be your primary guide in choosing a compatible E-type seal.
Calculating required compression
The performance of an E-type gasket depends on obtaining the right amount of compression when the sash or door is closed. As a general rule:
To estimate this, measure:
For example:
Professional installers often use experience and feel: once fitted, a sash should close smoothly on its locking points (Yale or ERA espagnolette, for example) without excessive handle force, but still offer firm resistance as the gasket compresses.
Measuring length for replacement gaskets
When ordering or cutting lengths of E-type gasket, allow for both perimeter length and corner treatment.
For example, for a typical PVCu casement window of 900 mm wide x 1200 mm high:
If you are replacing gaskets on multiple windows, it is often more economical to purchase a continuous coil (e.g. 25 m or 50 m) from our E gasket range and cut to length on site.
Cutting techniques
Clean, square cuts are essential for reliable gasket performance, especially at the corners. Poorly cut ends can create gaps that lead to draughts and water ingress.
Corner joints can be:
For DIY users, butt joints are usually easier to achieve consistently. Make sure the ends are tightly compressed together when fitted, with no visible gaps.
Fitting techniques
Preparation before installation
Proper preparation of the frame or sash is essential for a long-lasting, high-performance seal.
Check the condition of the surrounding hardware:
Trade tip: It is often worth making minor hinge and keep adjustments after fitting the new gasket, to optimise compression and closing effort. This is particularly important on heavy doors and tilt-and-turn windows.
Starting the installation
Most E gaskets are “push-in” types designed to be fitted by hand.
Do not stretch the gasket as you install it. Stretching may seem to help it go round corners, but it will often lead to shrinkage over time, especially at the corners where gaps may open.
Corners and joint treatment
How you handle corners is critical to the performance of the E-type seal.
On some PVCu systems, the gasket is fitted continuously around all four sides without a joint (particularly on smaller sashes). In this case:
This continuous method can reduce the risk of water or air leakage at corners, but requires careful handling to avoid stretching.
Lubrication and ease of fitting
On tight or complex profiles, a small amount of lubricant can make fitting easier.
For DIY users, a light application of silicone spray can also help new door gaskets to bed in, reducing friction and making it easier to latch and lock the door during the first few weeks.
Checking operation after fitting
Once the new E-type seal is fitted, test the window or door thoroughly.
If the sash is difficult to close or lock:
Balancing compression on multi-point locks
On modern doors and larger windows with multi-point locks (from brands such as ERA, Avocet, Yale and Mila), achieving an even gasket compression is vital.
Many keeps feature eccentric cams or adjustable plates; turning these can increase or decrease the compression on the E gasket. This allows you to balance:
Trade tip: it’s often best to set top and bottom keeps first, then fine-tune the intermediate keeps. On doors exposed to strong prevailing winds, a slightly higher compression on the weather-facing side can help improve performance.
Special considerations for sliding and tilt-and-turn systems
Sliding doors and tilt-and-turn windows place different demands on E-type gaskets.
In both cases, keep the track and sealing surfaces clean and free of grit, as abrasion can quickly damage the gasket lips and bulbs.
Adhesive fixing (where appropriate)
Most modern E gaskets are designed to be mechanically held in a groove without adhesive. However, in some refurbishment situations (especially on older timber or non-standard frames), you may need to secure the gasket with a suitable adhesive.
Always check manufacturer guidance; if in doubt, seek advice before gluing any door gasket or window rubber seal in place.
Maintenance tips
Routine inspection
Even high-quality E-type gaskets will slowly age over time. Regular inspection helps identify minor issues before they become major problems.
On commercial premises, where doors may be used hundreds of times a day, more frequent checks are advisable, especially on main entrance doors with heavy closers and strong compression.
Cleaning E gaskets
Keeping the gasket and surrounding frame surfaces clean helps preserve the material and maintain sealing performance.
For PVCu and aluminium frames, general window frame cleaners are usually safe, but always test on a small, inconspicuous area first. Do not allow strong solvents (like cellulose thinners or acetone) to come into prolonged contact with the gasket, as they may cause swelling or softening.
Lubrication and conditioning
In high-use locations or harsh climates, applying a suitable conditioning product can extend the life of an E-type seal.
This helps to:
On sliding patio doors, a periodic application of silicone to the gasket and interlock seals can help maintain smooth operation.
Dealing with common problems
The most frequent issues associated with E-type gaskets can usually be traced to ageing, incorrect selection, poor fitting, or frame/hardware movement over time.
Draughts and air leakage
If you feel cold draughts around windows or doors:
Solutions include:
Water ingress and staining
Water leaks around frames may appear as:
Check:
If the E gasket has perished, cracked or shrunk, replacing it is often the quickest and most effective remedy. Always ensure that any new gasket is compatible with the window or door system and provides appropriate compression under BS 6375-1 style weather conditions (exposure to wind-driven rain).
Sticking or difficult-to-close doors
After fitting a new door gasket, or on doors where the seal has swollen due to moisture or incompatible chemicals, you might find the door difficult to close or lock.
If the problem persists, consider using a slightly smaller bulb E-type seal from our E gasket selection. It is better to have a slightly softer, smaller gasket that allows the door to close properly than a large bulb that prevents proper locking and may stress the hardware (Yale or ERA locks, for example).
Noise and acoustic issues
Where external noise is a problem, a well-fitted, continuous E-type gasket is crucial to achieving good acoustic performance.
In some cases, upgrading to a slightly larger or denser gasket profile can improve acoustic sealing, provided it does not adversely affect operation. A balanced approach is necessary to comply with Approved Document F ventilation requirements while improving comfort.
Mould or discolouration
Black spots or mould on gaskets usually indicate prolonged moisture or condensation, sometimes combined with poor ventilation.
Long-term exposure to mould can degrade gasket materials. If the seal has become sticky, brittle or degraded in areas affected by mould, replacement is advisable.
When to replace E-type gaskets
No gasket lasts forever. Typical lifespans vary depending on:
As a general guide, consider replacement when:
Replacing E-type gaskets is relatively quick and inexpensive compared with full window or door replacement, and can restore much of the original performance of the installation. Many trade users schedule gasket replacement as part of larger refurbishment projects, combining it with hardware upgrades (e.g. new ERA or Yale locks) for a comprehensive improvement.
Stocking and handling for trade users
For installers, maintenance contractors and fabricators, managing gasket stock correctly ensures consistent results on site.
When transporting gaskets to site:
Good handling practice will keep E-type gaskets in optimal condition until they are installed, ensuring the best possible long-term sealing performance for your customers.
For specific profile identification, technical data, and trade pricing, visit our E gasket category or contact Window Hardware Store for assistance in selecting the right E-type seal for your windows and doors.
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